Chironomid calibration data set for tropical South America. Surface sediment samples from 59 Andean lakes across Bolivia (15 lakes), Peru (32 lakes), and Ecuador (12 lakes) over an altitudinal gradient from 150m above sea level to 4655m above sea level between 0-17 degrees South and 64-78 degrees West. Laguna Pindo is a small shallow lake on the Ecuadorian Andes (1 27.132 degrees South and 78 04.847 degrees West, 1248m above sea level). See published paper, Inferring late-Holocene climate in the Ecuadorian Andes using a chironomid-based temperature inference model by Frazer Matthews-Bird, Stephen J. Brooks, Philip B. Holden, Encarni Montoya, and William D. Gosling (2016), . Clim. Past, 12, 1263-1280, 2016. doi:10.5194/cp-12-1263-2016